旧约 - 士师记(Judges)第4章

And the children of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD, when Ehud was dead.
And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, that reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose host was Sisera, which dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles.
And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD: for he had nine hundred chariots of iron; and twenty years he mightily oppressed the children of Israel.
And Deborah, a prophetess, the wife of Lapidoth, she judged Israel at that time.
And she dwelt under the palm tree of Deborah between Ramah and Bethel in mount Ephraim: and the children of Israel came up to her for judgment.
And she sent and called Barak the son of Abinoam out of Kedeshnaphtali, and said unto him, Hath not the LORD God of Israel commanded, saying, Go and draw toward mount Tabor, and take with thee ten thousand men of the children of Naphtali and of the children of Zebulun?
And I will draw unto thee to the river Kishon Sisera, the captain of Jabin's army, with his chariots and his multitude; and I will deliver him into thine hand.
And Barak said unto her, If thou wilt go with me, then I will go: but if thou wilt not go with me, then I will not go.
And she said, I will surely go with thee: notwithstanding the journey that thou takest shall not be for thine honour; for the LORD shall sell Sisera into the hand of a woman. And Deborah arose, and went with Barak to Kedesh.
And Barak called Zebulun and Naphtali to Kedesh; and he went up with ten thousand men at his feet: and Deborah went up with him.
Now Heber the Kenite, which was of the children of Hobab the father in law of Moses, had severed himself from the Kenites, and pitched his tent unto the plain of Zaanaim, which is by Kedesh.
And they shewed Sisera that Barak the son of Abinoam was gone up to mount Tabor.
And Sisera gathered together all his chariots, even nine hundred chariots of iron, and all the people that were with him, from Harosheth of the Gentiles unto the river of Kishon.
And Deborah said unto Barak, Up; for this is the day in which the LORD hath delivered Sisera into thine hand: is not the LORD gone out before thee? So Barak went down from mount Tabor, and ten thousand men after him.
And the LORD discomfited Sisera, and all his chariots, and all his host, with the edge of the sword before Barak; so that Sisera lighted down off his chariot, and fled away on his feet.
But Barak pursued after the chariots, and after the host, unto Harosheth of the Gentiles: and all the host of Sisera fell upon the edge of the sword; and there was not a man left.
Howbeit Sisera fled away on his feet to the tent of Jael the wife of Heber the Kenite: for there was peace between Jabin the king of Hazor and the house of Heber the Kenite.
And Jael went out to meet Sisera, and said unto him, Turn in, my lord, turn in to me; fear not. And when he had turned in unto her into the tent, she covered him with a mantle.
And he said unto her, Give me, I pray thee, a little water to drink; for I am thirsty. And she opened a bottle of milk, and gave him drink, and covered him.
Again he said unto her, Stand in the door of the tent, and it shall be, when any man doth come and enquire of thee, and say, Is there any man here? that thou shalt say, No.
Then Jael Heber's wife took a nail of the tent, and took an hammer in her hand, and went softly unto him, and smote the nail into his temples, and fastened it into the ground: for he was fast asleep and weary. So he died.
And, behold, as Barak pursued Sisera, Jael came out to meet him, and said unto him, Come, and I will shew thee the man whom thou seekest. And when he came into her tent, behold, Sisera lay dead, and the nail was in his temples.
So God subdued on that day Jabin the king of Canaan before the children of Israel.
And the hand of the children of Israel prospered, and prevailed against Jabin the king of Canaan, until they had destroyed Jabin king of Canaan.
士师记第四章   第 4 章 

  士 4:1> 人犯罪得罪的是神,因此我最先要说的话是向祂忏悔…… 

  4:1 以色列人又做了耶和华眼中看为恶的事。我们犯罪既伤害自己又伤害别人,总括来说,一切的罪皆得罪神,因为犯罪就是不尊重祂的命令、轻视祂管辖我们的权柄。大卫认罪祷告时向神说:“我向你犯罪,惟独得罪了你;在你眼前行了这恶。”(参诗 51:4 )。认识罪的严重性,是除去生活中罪恶的第一步。 

  士 4:2-3> 叫耶宾的王不是被约书亚打败了吗?这里── 

  4:2-3 关于耶宾,我们所知不多。在许多年以前,约书亚曾打败了一个叫耶宾的王,并放火焚烧夏琐城,将之夷为平地(参书 11:1-11 )。这时可能夏琐城已被重建,也可能是耶宾想重建它。 

  这是士师时代惟一的一次,有仇敌从以色列本地兴起。以色列人未能将所有的迦南人赶出去,迦南人就重整军队,想卷土重来。假使当初他们顺服神把迦南人逐出那地,就不会发生这场战争。 

  士 4:2-3> 倚仗先进武器欺压别人,这民族注定要败亡── 

  4:2-3 铁车是古代的坦克,用铁或木头制造,是当时最厉害的武器,由 一两 头马拉着前行;有些铁车甚至有锋利的刀从轮下伸出,用以杀戮步兵。迦南人有九百辆铁车,以色列人无法打败这支强大的军队。耶宾和西西拉横行无忌地欺压以色列人,直到一位对神忠心的女先知底波拉兴起求告神,才把他们打败。 

  士师的职责 

  士 4:3> 你是要到走头无路时才寻求神的帮助么?为什么不早早呼求神? 

  4:3 以色列人受了二十年的欺压,忍无可忍,终于求神帮助。我们面对困境或陷入挣扎时,应当先求神拯救,以色列人选择自行其是,自然弄得一团糟。我们也常犯同样错误。不要神帮助,想自行管理一生,就会弄得焦头烂额;对比之下,如果我们每天与神相交,就不会为自己带来痛苦,这是以色列人一直没有学到的功课。遇到困境,神要我们先来到祂面前,寻求祂的力量与指引。 

  士 4:4> 在当时的社会习俗下,神竟拣选女性作士师,这对我们有何指导意义? 

  4:4 圣经记载好几个妇女曾成为民族领袖,底波拉是其中突出的一位;神拣选她领导以色列人,她显然是最胜任的。神可以从男女老幼之中,随意拣选人来领导祂的百姓,所以对于神拣选来领导你的人,不要怀有成见。 

  士 4:6-8> 接受任务时讨价还价,说到底是什么问题? 

  4:6-8 巴拉是胆怯,还是真需要别人的支持呢?我们对他的性格不清楚,但是底波拉毅然遵神吩咐去行,却显出伟大领袖的特质。底波拉告诉巴拉,神要与他一同争战,不过他觉得这应许并不够,还是要底波拉与他同去。这显出他内心倚靠人的力量多过相信神的应许。真正有信心的人,神一吩咐就挺身而出,即使要他独力去做也不怕。 

  士 4:9> 从这件事上可看到底波拉的哪些特质? 

  4:9 底波拉是如何得到别人尊敬的?她不但领导全民作战,更值得注意的是,她在战后以诗歌激励百姓为神而活。她的行事为人吸引以色列人团结一致,甚至连军队的统帅巴拉都尊敬她;她也是女先知,主要任务是鼓励百姓顺服神。负责领导之人,不可不知被领导者的属灵情况,真正的领袖关心他所领导的群众,而不只是事业的成就。 

  4:11 希百是雅亿的丈夫( 4:17 ),他是基尼族人,他们虽然早已与以色列联盟,但可能因为耶宾的军队强大之故,他决定倒向耶宾。可能是希百告诉西西拉,以色列军队在他泊山附近安营( 4:12 ;请参看地图),希百本人虽甘愿与耶宾和他的军队同祸福,他的妻子雅亿则有不同的选择( 4:21 )。 

  以色列人打败耶宾 

  士 4:18-21> 西西拉为何如此放心睡去?雅亿的举动是否出乎意料? 

  4:18-21 雅亿同意西西拉进入她帐棚中躲藏,他心中一定极其高兴。第一,因为雅亿是希百的妻子,而希百是忠于他军队之人(参看上段经文注释),故他的妻子一定可靠。第二,按当时的风俗习惯,从来不准男人进入妇女的帐棚,所以不会有人想到去那里搜索他。 

  尽管雅亿的丈夫希百忠于西西拉的军队,她本人则不同。那时由妇女担任支搭帐棚的工作,所以在西西拉睡着的时候,雅亿轻而易举地把帐棚的橛子钉入他的头中。底波拉的预言就这样应验了:打败西西拉的尊荣,要归于一位又英勇又足智多谋的妇人,却不归于巴拉( 4:9 )。──《灵修版圣经注释》