旧约 - 士师记（Judges）第15章

But it came to pass within a while after, in the time of wheat harvest, that Samson visited his wife with a kid; and he said, I will go in to my wife into the chamber. But her father would not suffer him to go in.

And her father said, I verily thought that thou hadst utterly hated her; therefore I gave her to thy companion: is not her younger sister fairer than she? take her, I pray thee, instead of her.

And Samson said concerning them, Now shall I be more blameless than the Philistines, though I do them a displeasure.

And Samson went and caught three hundred foxes, and took firebrands, and turned tail to tail, and put a firebrand in the midst between two tails.

And when he had set the brands on fire, he let them go into the standing corn of the Philistines, and burnt up both the shocks, and also the standing corn, with the vineyards and olives.

Then the Philistines said, Who hath done this? And they answered, Samson, the son in law of the Timnite, because he had taken his wife, and given her to his companion. And the Philistines came up, and burnt her and her father with fire.

And Samson said unto them, Though ye have done this, yet will I be avenged of you, and after that I will cease.

And he smote them hip and thigh with a great slaughter: and he went down and dwelt in the top of the rock Etam.

Then the Philistines went up, and pitched in Judah, and spread themselves in Lehi.

And the men of Judah said, Why are ye come up against us? And they answered, To bind Samson are we come up, to do to him as he hath done to us.

Then three thousand men of Judah went to the top of the rock Etam, and said to Samson, Knowest thou not that the Philistines are rulers over us? what is this that thou hast done unto us? And he said unto them, As they did unto me, so have I done unto them.

And they said unto him, We are come down to bind thee, that we may deliver thee into the hand of the Philistines. And Samson said unto them, Swear unto me, that ye will not fall upon me yourselves.

And they spake unto him, saying, No; but we will bind thee fast, and deliver thee into their hand: but surely we will not kill thee. And they bound him with two new cords, and brought him up from the rock.

And when he came unto Lehi, the Philistines shouted against him: and the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him, and the cords that were upon his arms became as flax that was burnt with fire, and his bands loosed from off his hands.

And he found a new jawbone of an ass, and put forth his hand, and took it, and slew a thousand men therewith.

And Samson said, With the jawbone of an ass, heaps upon heaps, with the jaw of an ass have I slain a thousand men.

And it came to pass, when he had made an end of speaking, that he cast away the jawbone out of his hand, and called that place Ramathlehi.

And he was sore athirst, and called on the LORD, and said, Thou hast given this great deliverance into the hand of thy servant: and now shall I die for thirst, and fall into the hand of the uncircumcised?

But God clave an hollow place that was in the jaw, and there came water thereout; and when he had drunk, his spirit came again, and he revived: wherefore he called the name thereof Enhakkore, which is in Lehi unto this day.

And he judged Israel in the days of the Philistines twenty years.

士师记第十五章　　第 15 章　

　　士 15 章 > 参孙的行为说明了什么？是智勇双全吗？　

　　15 章　参孙在 15 章 11 节的答覆，说明这一章之中的事件背后的精神：“他们向我怎样行，我也要向他们怎样行。”报复是人所不能控制的劣行。冤冤相报，永无了结。这也像澳洲土人所用的回掷器，你将它投向别人，它仍会飞回伤害你。只有饶恕能止息彼此之间的不断报复行为。　

　　参孙进入虎穴以得虎子　

　　士 15:14-17> 在我向神祈求的时候，有没有像参孙那样为自己请功？　

　　15:14-17　耶和华的力量临到参孙，但他骄傲并夸张自己的勇力。他说：“我用驴腮骨杀了一千人”，并自恃他有这样大的功迹，求神赐他水喝（ 15:16-18 ）。骄傲会使我们将神所成就的工作之荣耀归于自己。　

　　士 15:18> “我为神付出了这么多，却落到这步田地”，你有过这念头吗？　

　　15:18　参孙在肉体上、精神上皆感到精疲力竭。在个人的大胜利以后，他的态度很快消沉，变为自艾自怜──“岂可任我渴死呢？”我们做出极大的努力，心力交瘁之后，情绪容易受到损伤。在大的成就以后，常会有严重的情绪低落。　　　你受到伤害时，不要以为神对你有所亏欠，切记要避免这种试探！是祂的力量使你得胜的。要让你的态度、行动、言语，专心一意地以神为中心，不要高举你自己。　

　　士 15:20> 参孙何时被立为士师？　

　　15:20　从这一节看出，自从这一次大胜非利士人之后，以色列人立参孙为士师。──《灵修版圣经注释》　

士师记注释　　3．参孙的报复（一五）

　　一五1～6 当参孙的岳父拒绝让他得回他的妻子，参孙就私自报复，把三百只狐狸的尾巴一对一对的捆绑起来。将火把捆在两条尾巴中间，把它们放到禾场、橄榄园和葡萄场内。非利士人知道那残酷和挥霍的行径的因由，于是以牙还牙，烧死参孙的妻子和他的父亲。

　　一五7～13 参孙的反应是击杀大群的非利士人；然后退到犹大境内的以但磐的穴内。但是暴力带来更多暴戾。当非利士人追赶他时，犹大人盲从，提醒他非利士人是他们的统治者。为求自保，他们捆绑参孙，把他带到敌人面前。参孙同意这做法，只要他的同胞不杀害他。他们已陷入奴隶的意识之下，宁愿出卖他们的同胞，忠于他们的压迫者，也不与参孙为友，借以摆脱他们自己的枷锁。

　　一五14～17 跟着是参孙士师生涯上光辉的时刻。当他被绑带出来时，耶和华的灵大大感动参孙。他以驴腮骨杀死一千个非利士人。他把那地改名为拉末利希（驴腮骨之地，新英王钦定本边注）。第16节是一句戏言：“我以驴腮骨毁了他们的名声。”或“我以驴腮骨把他们聚成一堆！我以驴腮骨攻击那攻击者。”（莫法特译本）

　　有人或许会奇怪，为何主以这不讨好的武器取得这么重大的胜利。参孙本不可接触任何不洁的东西，腮骨必是动物尸体的一部分。不过这不寻常的武器成为超自然胜利的证据，使用这低微的工具是出于神的。这也是主容许在极端危险的情况下，不依常规办事的例子，但在一般情况下是不容许的。

　　一五18～20 在十四或十五章里，参孙未曾对上帝说过一句话。他现在由于筋疲力竭就求告上帝了（18节）。对于参孙求水的祷告，神奇妙地在“驴腮骨之地”供应水泉。这地名为隐哈歌利（新英王钦定本边注作“呼唤者之泉”）。当时参孙进入当士师的辉煌时期，神的灵记载他作以色列士师二十年。

士师记　　注释　

　　十五 1-20 跟非利士人的冲突渐恶化　

　　参孙的岳父认为参孙暴力对待亚实基伦的 30 人，而且愤然离去，表示他放弃这段婚姻，不娶他的女儿为妻，所以（可能为了挽回家族的声誉）将自己的女儿归了参孙的「伴郎」为妻（十四 20 ，十五 2 ）。可是，参孙不是这样理解这事，所以，他认为火烧亭拿附近的禾稼，大大破坏他们的田产，惩罚他们，是天经地义的。事实上，参孙的破坏等于剥夺该地人民的收成，是他们整季劳力耕种得来的（ 1 、 3-5 节）。非利士人恼怒参孙是可以理解的，但他们没有能力捉拿参孙，只好向参孙的妻子及岳父施行残忍的报复（ 6 节）。因此，参孙再次恣意破坏（这次是伤害人，不是损坏谷物），然后心满意足地离开非利士地，因为他清算了敌人（ 7-8 节）。但是，这时正酝酿爆发一连串事件，势不可挡，非利士人誓不罢休，非要铲除破坏者不可。为求达到目的，他们入侵犹大，为的是捉拿参孙（ 9-10 节）。这要求把犹太人置于困境，但他们很快就决定要牺牲参孙，因为要保护参孙而付出的代价实在太大（比较同一支派在一 1-3 的英勇表现，他们在这里表现怯懦，正说明以色列人整体陷至何等低落的地步）。参孙容许犹太人将他捆绑交给非利士人，他认为那是无可避免的（ 11-13 节）。然而，对于即将发生的事，所有人都没有心理准备！耶和华的灵降在参孙身上，令他充满力量，而战败也变成荣耀的（残酷的）胜利，这标示着参孙实际上开始以士师身分管治以色列人（ 14-17 、 20 节）。　

　　从一个层面来说，这故事记载参孙复仇，令人讨厌，他因为被黑暗势力驱使（包括愤怒、憎恨和复仇欲望），暴力不断加剧；但从另一个更重要的层面来说，这故事也记载神运用权能，叫参孙反败为胜，而且打败祂子民的仇敌。最后，甚至参孙也承认他是耶和华的仆人，而且是神藉他的手作工（ 18 节）。他呼求神，承认自己十分软弱，并要倚靠神。他发觉神已准备好，并愿意应允他的呼求（ 18-19 节）。这刻参孙十分脆弱，渐渐迫近他整个生平故事的高峰（参十六 28-30 ）。　

　　附注　　　

　　第 1 节参孙的婚姻明显依从非利士人的习俗，新娘婚后仍住在娘家，丈夫要前来探望妻子。夫妻所生的儿女要归于娘家。第 8 节「以坦盘」明显是个突出而人所共知的标记。它准确的位置不详。第 9 节「利希」（意即「颚骨」），它如此命名，可能因为这里有个山崖。但是，参孙的功绩赋予这名字新的意义（士十五 17 ）。同样地，它的位置不详。第 11 节「三千」，比较十五章 15 至 16 节，及参五章 8 节注释。第 15 节「未干的驴腮骨」即骨仍是坚硬，而不是干透易脆。这是临时的武器（比较珊迦的赶牛棍，三 31 ）。第 16 节「用驴腮骨」参新国际译本旁注。第 18 节「未受割礼的人」参十四章 3 节的注释。第 19 节「洼处」可能是下陷的盘石，其内有一个水泉。这地名叫「隐哈歌利」（意即「求告者之泉」），暗示参孙在第 18 节「求告」耶和华。希伯来人因为鹧鸪的叫声，通常称牠为「求告者」，所以该泉原名可能是「鹧鸪泉」。事实若是如此，这地名也因参孙而有新的意义。　

旧约 - 士师记（Judges）第15章

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